Oracle Notes from Guatemala: Instalar Oracle Database 12cR1 en OEL 6 con ASM

Verificar si se cumplen con los requerimientos del sistema:

1 GB of space in the /tmp directory.

Mis recursos son los siguientes:

[root@orcl12c ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo

MemTotal: 4066632 kB

[root@orcl12c ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

SwapTotal: 3080188 kB

[root@orcl12c ~]# df -h /tmp

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg_orcl12c-lv_root

32G 2.8G 28G 10% /

[root@orcl12c ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg_orcl12c-lv_root

32G 2.8G 28G 10% /

tmpfs 1.5G 100K 1.5G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 55M 405M 12% /boot

[root@orcl12c ~]# free

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 3066632 503408 2563224 0 23304 186700

-/+ buffers/cache: 293404 2773228

Swap: 3080188 0 3080188

[root@orcl12c ~]# uname -m

x86_64

[root@orcl12c ~]# cat /etc/issue

Oracle Linux Server release 6.4

Instalar los paquetes necesarios para el sistema, Para OEL 6 64 bits son los siguientes:

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)

compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686)

gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)

glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)

ksh

libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)

libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)

libXext-1.1 (x86_64)

libXext-1.1 (i686)

libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64)

libXtst-1.0.99.2 (i686)

libX11-1.3 (x86_64)

libX11-1.3 (i686)

libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64)

libXau-1.0.5 (i686)

libxcb-1.5 (x86_64)

libxcb-1.5 (i686)

libXi-1.3 (x86_64)

libXi-1.3 (i686)

make-3.81-19.el6

sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)

Si se necesita instalar paquetes ODBC estas son las versiones:

Para Más información sobre prerrequisitos visite el siguiente link:

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E16655_01/install.121/e17720/pre_install.htm#BABFDGHJ

Configuraicon de los parametros del Kernel:

[root@orcl12c app]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.shmall = 1073741824

kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

[root@orcl12c app]# /sbin/sysctl -p

Configuracion de Limits, Agregar las siguientes líneas en el archivo limits.conf:

[root@orcl12c app]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

grid hard nofile 65536

grid soft nproc 2047

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft stack 10240

oracle hard stack 32768

Creación de grupos y usuarios para base de datos y Grid Infrastructure (GI) Standalone:

# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall

# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba

# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54323 oper

# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54324 backupdba

# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54325 dgdba

# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54326 kmdba

# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54327 asmdba

# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54328 asmoper

# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin

#/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba oracle

#/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54322 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,dba grid

# passwd oracle

Para más información sobre los grupos y usuarios visite el siguiente link:

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E16655_01/install.121/e17720/usr_grps.htm#CHDGHJBF

Creación de los directorios para el software de la base de datos y para el software de GI Standalone:

# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

# mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid

# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/grid

# mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory

[grid@orcl12c ~]$ cat .bash_profile

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/grid

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

[oracle@orcl12c ~]$ cat .bash_profile

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db1

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

Permisos a los discos que se van a usar en ASM:

[root@orcl12c ~]# chown grid:asmadmin /dev/sdb1

[root@orcl12c ~]# chmod 660 /dev/sdb1

[root@orcl12c ~]# ls -ltr /dev/sdb*

brw-rw----. 1 root disk     8, 16 Jun 28 15:39 /dev/sdb

brw-rw----. 1 grid asmadmin 8, 17 Jun 28 15:39 /dev/sdb1

Situar los instaladores de Base de Datos y GI en el servidor:

#rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
#rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Los paquetes de ASM puedes descargarlos de aqui:

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/asmlib/ol6-1709075.html

[root@orcl12c ~]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm configure -i

Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library

driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is

loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values

will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an

answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: oracle

Default group to own the driver interface []: grid

Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: ^C

[root@orcl12c ~]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm configure -i

Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library

driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is

loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values

will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an

answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: grid

Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin

Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y

Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y

Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done

[root@orcl12c ~]#

# /usr/sbin/oracleasm init

[root@orcl12c ~]# oracleasm createdisk disk1 /dev/sdb1

Writing disk header: done

Instantiating disk: done

ls -r /home/*

/home/oracle:
linuxamd64_12c_database_2of2.zip
linuxamd64_12c_database_1of2.zip

/home/grid:
linuxamd64_12c_grid_2of2.zip linuxamd64_12c_grid_1of2.zip

INSTALAR GRID INFRASTRUCTURE STANDALONE

Descomprimir los archivos para instalar GI:

[grid@orcl12c ~]$ unzip linuxamd64_12c_grid_1of2.zip
[grid@orcl12c ~]$ unzip linuxamd64_12c_grid_2of2.zip
[grid@orcl12c grid]$ ./runInstaller

Si recive el siguiente error: "PRVF-002: Could not retrieve local nodename" vaya al siguiente link: http://oraclefromguatemala.blogspot.com/2013/06/prvf-002-could-not-retrieve-local.html

Estos parametros se dejaron a proposito sin establecerse para que se pueda observar la utilidad de 12c, Un script que genera automáticamente el instalador y establece todos los parametros necesarios de Kernel.